<h2 align="center" style="text-align:center; margin-bottom:5px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><span style="color:#e28916"><span style="font-weight:bold"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size:16.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif"><span style="color:#ffe599"><span style="letter-spacing:1.0pt">靈恩運動發展簡介</span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:16.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif"><span style="color:#ffe599"><span style="letter-spacing:1.0pt"> 賴瑞珍牧師 </span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:16.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif"><span style="color:#fbe4d5"><span style="letter-spacing:1.0pt"> 7-12-2021</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></h2>
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<p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:"Arial (W1)",sans-serif"><b><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif"><span style="color:#e2efd9"><span style="letter-spacing:1.0pt">靈恩運動發展</span></span></span></span></b><b><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif"><span style="color:#e2efd9"><span style="letter-spacing:1.0pt">史</span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:"Arial (W1)",sans-serif"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif"><span style="letter-spacing:1.0pt">根據周功和</span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif"><span style="letter-spacing:1.0pt"> (〔榮耀光中活水泉〕, Ref. 1)，許多人把靈恩運動(Charismatic Movements) 的歷史分為三個階段，稱為三“波”。</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<ol>
<li><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:"Arial (W1)",sans-serif"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif"><span style="letter-spacing:1.0pt">第一波靈恩運動也稱為 〔五旬節運動〕，由</span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif"><span style="letter-spacing:1.0pt">1901年開始。他們的立場是: </span></span></span></span></span></span></li>
</ol>
<p style="margin-left:24px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:"Arial (W1)",sans-serif"><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif"><span style="letter-spacing:1.0pt">(1). 新約聖經所講的每一種恩賜 〔聖靈所賜的才能〕，今日都仍舊賜給教會。</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:24px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:"Arial (W1)",sans-serif"><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif"><span style="letter-spacing:1.0pt">(2).〔聖靈的洗〕是得救後另一次的蒙恩，使信徒得到能力。每位信徒都應當追求此經歷。</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:24px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:"Arial (W1)",sans-serif"><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif"><span style="letter-spacing:1.0pt">(3).〔說方言〕是聖靈的洗的外在表號 (Sign)。所謂「說方言」，就是被聖靈感動，說出自已不明白的「話語」來。</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p style="margin-left:24px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:"Arial (W1)",sans-serif"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif"><span style="letter-spacing:1.0pt">這一波靈恩運動產生了一些〔五旬節〕教派。</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p> </p>
<ol start="2">
<li><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:"Arial (W1)",sans-serif"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif"><span style="letter-spacing:1.0pt">第二波靈恩運動是</span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif"><span style="letter-spacing:1.0pt">1960年代與1970年代在各基督教教派與天主教中所發生的復興運動。</span></span></span></span></span></span></li>
</ol>
<p style="margin-left:24px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:"Arial (W1)",sans-serif"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif"><span style="letter-spacing:1.0pt">受這一波影響的信徒，一般來講，沒有另立新的教派，乃是留在自己原來的宗派中，從事更新的事上。</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<p style="margin-left:24px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:"Arial (W1)",sans-serif"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif"><span style="letter-spacing:1.0pt">他們追求新約聖經中所提到的每一種恩賜，包括先知講說、醫病、說方言、翻方言、分辨諸靈等恩賜。不過，在「聖靈的洗」的課題上，第二波的信徒彼此之間有不同的意見。他們一部份贊同五旬節派的立場，認為「靈洗」是得救後另一次的經歷，但部份卻不認為如此。至於說方言是否為靈洗的表號，他們的意見也不一致，部分認為說方言是靈洗的表號，部份認為不是。</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p> </p>
<ol start="3">
<li><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:"Arial (W1)",sans-serif"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif"><span style="letter-spacing:1.0pt">第三波靈恩運動也稱為 〔葡萄園運動〕。因為領袖溫約翰 〔</span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif"><span style="letter-spacing:1.0pt">John Wimber，1934-1997〕曾是加州Anaheim的葡萄園團契的牧師，生前曾領導葡萄園教會系統。</span></span></span></span></span></span></li>
</ol>
<p> </p>
<p style="margin-left:24px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:"Arial (W1)",sans-serif"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif"><span style="letter-spacing:1.0pt">這運動在</span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif"><span style="letter-spacing:1.0pt">1980年代興起。認為信徒應該有新約聖經所提到的每一種恩賜，並且福音傳播時，應該有神蹟奇事彰顯。</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:24px"> </p>
<p style="margin-left:24px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:"Arial (W1)",sans-serif"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif"><span style="letter-spacing:1.0pt">不過，在神學立場上，他們與五旬節派有不同的看法。第三波的領導階層認為聖靈的洗是重生得救時所領受的恩典，不是得救後另一次的蒙恩。聖靈的洗不是聖靈充滿。一個人被聖靈充滿時也不一定會有說方言的表記。他們認為今日仍然有方言的恩賜，只是不如五旬節派般強調方言。</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<p style="margin-left:24px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:"Arial (W1)",sans-serif"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif"><span style="letter-spacing:1.0pt">有些時候，第三波人士自稱為〔福音派〕，而非〔靈恩派〕。其實，廣義的福音派包含三波靈恩派的信徒，因為他們都接受聖經的權威，以及福音派所堅持的基要真理，又積極地傳福音。</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:"Arial (W1)",sans-serif"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif"><span style="letter-spacing:1.0pt">有些福音派的信徒，一方面承認今日仍有神蹟奇事，但同時又在靈恩運動裡，看到許多亂象以及恩賜的誤用，因此既對靈恩開放，又對靈恩運動保持一定的距離。這一類的福音派信徒很多，可以稱為「敞開又謹慎」族群</span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif"><span style="letter-spacing:1.0pt">.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:"Arial (W1)",sans-serif"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif"><span style="letter-spacing:1.0pt">另外，按教會增長學者魏格納 〔</span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif"><span style="letter-spacing:1.0pt">Peter Wagner〕的分析，在1990年代，有一個新的〔使徒性教會運動〕崛起。這運動的特徵是有一些教會網絡的形成。</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:"Arial (W1)",sans-serif"><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif"><span style="letter-spacing:1.0pt">有別於傳統的宗派，這種教會網絡的核心，是一超大型的教會，而它的主任牧師，即該網絡的領袖。這些主任牧師，都是非常有信心，有恩賜的人。他們就是所謂的〔新使徒〕。這些超大型的教會，一般來說，都是靈恩派的，或者是期待靈恩的「敞開謹慎」派。</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:48px"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:13.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif"><span style="color:#333333"><span style="letter-spacing:1.0pt">Ref. 1: </span></span></span></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif"><span style="letter-spacing:1.0pt">周功和</span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif"><span style="letter-spacing:1.0pt">, 〔榮耀光中活水泉-- 論救恩與靈恩〕，中華福音神學院出版社，台北，台灣， 2004</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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